United Front government

H. D. Deve Gowda

Janata Dal Coalition government 1 Jun 1996 to 21 Apr 1997 11 months

At a glance

0.9
years in office
11
Lok Sabha number
6
actions recorded under it
6
scored with party credit
Timeline of governments

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Previous: Atal Bihari Vajpayee. Next: I. K. Gujral.

Governing parties

Partners and their share of the governing seatsCredit for this government's actions, and its years in office, are split by these shares.
PartyShareYears in power (weighted)Note
JDLead party35%0.3Seat counts (JD 46, TMC(M) 20, DMK 17, SP 17, TDP 16, CPI 12, AGP 5) are from general knowledge of the 1996 result and are NOT verified in the sources opened; shares computed among these seven cabinet parties only (cabinet membership per the Wikipedia ministry page; CPI(M) not on that page).
TMC(M)15%0.1
DMK13%0.1
SP13%0.1
TDP12%0.1
CPI9%0.1
AGP4%0.0

Outside support (not in government): INC, Outside support, 140 seats (verified)

Actions under this government

  • ImplementedJDTechnology & Digital

    Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) established

    An independent regulator was set up from 20 February 1997 to take over telecom tariff regulation from the Central Government; a dispute tribunal (TDSAT) was split off from it in January 2000.

    Evidence points +15.0 (range +14.0 to +16.0)

  • ImplementedJDForeign Policy

    Ganga Water Sharing Treaty with Bangladesh

    A 30-year treaty signed in December 1996 sharing Ganga water at Farakka in the January-May dry season, replacing earlier short-term arrangements. It is due for renewal in December 2026.

    Evidence points +3.5 (range +2.0 to +5.0)

  • StalledJDElections & Democracy

    Women's Reservation Bill, first introduction 1996 (81st Amendment Bill)

    The United Front government introduced the first Constitution amendment bill to reserve one-third of Lok Sabha and Assembly seats for women in September 1996; it was referred to a joint committee and lapsed.

    Evidence points −2.0 (range −3.0 to −1.0)

  • ImplementedJDForeign Policy

    Gujral Doctrine on relations with neighbours

    A set of five principles for ties with South Asian neighbours, including non-reciprocity towards smaller neighbours, set out by External Affairs Minister I. K. Gujral in September 1996.

    Evidence points +1.5 (range +1.0 to +2.0)

  • ImplementedJDForeign Policy

    Decision not to sign the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty

    In August 1996 India declined to support the CTBT text at the Conference on Disarmament, objecting to its entry-into-force clause and the absence of time-bound disarmament. It later conducted tests in 1998.

    Evidence points +1.0 (range 0.0 to +2.0)

Sources