The Election Commission's Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of electoral rolls, begun in Bihar in June 2025 and extended state by state, with figures, court rulings, party positions and disputed claims as of 12 October 2026.
Facts as of . Check sources for later developments. 8 of 29 sources are labelled as seen only in search results or summaries and not opened in full; see each source label, and read statuses taken from them as "as reported". This matter is ongoing, so statuses below may have changed.
A dossier is a fact file. It records what is on record and who said what; it does not give a verdict. It is not scored and earns or loses no party points. How dossiers are written.
On 24 June 2025 the Election Commission of India (ECI) ordered a Special Intensive Revision of the Bihar electoral roll, about four months before the state’s Assembly election, in the term of the NDA government (centre-2024-modi-3). The ECI is a constitutional body under Article 324; its power over rolls derives from Article 324 and, as the Supreme Court later held, section 21(3) of the Representation of the People Act, 1950. The ECI order text was not opened. The 27 May 2026 judgment (opened) distinguishes the SIR’s ‘special revision’ under section 21(3) from ordinary revision under section 21(2) read with rule 25 of the Registration of Electors Rules, 1960; whether the ECI’s order itself cites rule 25 is not confirmed here.
The SIR differs from the usual annual summary revision. Electors received pre-printed enumeration forms from Booth Level Officers (BLOs), and the roll was rebuilt from those forms. Electors traceable to the previous intensive roll (2003 in Bihar) did not need to submit documents; others were asked for one of eleven listed documents, with a different set of requirements depending on date of birth. The Supreme Court directed on 8 September 2025 that Aadhaar be accepted as proof of identity but not of citizenship (the Observer report describes it as a twelfth document).
Figures appear in the tables above. In Bihar the roll fell from 7.89 crore to about 7.42 crore; Phase 2 and 3 rolls show larger percentage reductions in several States, attributed by the ECI mainly to absent, shifted, dead and duplicate entries.
Petitioners and opposition parties allege exclusion of eligible voters, short timelines and BLO overwork. The ECI says the exercise protects the purity of the roll and that claims and appeals remain open. On 27 May 2026 the Supreme Court upheld the SIR with limits on the ECI’s citizenship inquiry. Proceedings on West Bengal appeals continue, with a hearing listed on 16 October 2026.
Status by phase on 12 October 2026: Bihar complete (final roll 30 September 2025); Phase 2 final rolls published in the listed States and UTs, with West Bengal appeals still before tribunals; Phase 3 under way, with final-roll dates revised in several States (Karnataka and Delhi 27 October; Maharashtra 4 November, reported moved to 16 November; see the schedule table, not verified against ECI orders).
Timeline
In date order. Each item shows what kind of statement it is, who is the actor, and where it comes from.
EventElection Commission of India
ECI orders a Special Intensive Revision of the Bihar roll with 1 July 2025 as the qualifying date; the roll then had about 7.89 crore electors. Enumeration begins 25 June.
Supreme Court first hears petitions (lead case: Association for Democratic Reforms v. ECI, W.P. (C) 640 of 2025); the ECI describes the petitioners' fears as speculative.
A TDP delegation (an NDA constituent) submits a letter to CEC Gyanesh Kumar asking the ECI to define the SIR's scope and state that it is not related to citizenship verification, among other suggestions.
Union Home Minister Amit Shah, at a rally in Sitamarhi, says the SIR is necessary to remove infiltrators from the voters' list and that the RJD and Congress oppose it because infiltrators are their vote bank.
Rahul Gandhi (INC) and Tejashwi Yadav (RJD) begin the INDIA bloc's 'Voter Adhikar Yatra' at Sasaram, Bihar, against the SIR; reports say it ended with a Patna march on 1 September (seen in search results, not opened).
Supreme Court directs the ECI to accept Aadhaar as an additional document to establish identity in the Bihar SIR, stating that Aadhaar is not proof of citizenship (order opened).
CEC Gyanesh Kumar announces Phase 2 covering 12 States/UTs (UP, Gujarat, MP, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Goa, Kerala, Puducherry, Andaman and Nicobar, Lakshadweep), about 51 crore electors. Announced schedule: draft 9 Dec 2025, claims to 8 Jan 2026, final 7 Feb 2026 (later extended in places).
An all-party meeting chaired by Tamil Nadu CM M. K. Stalin (DMK) resolves to approach the Supreme Court against the SIR in Tamil Nadu (seen in search results, not opened).
In the Lok Sabha debate on electoral reforms, Home Minister Amit Shah says the SIR is meant to 'detect, delete and deport infiltrators'; opposition MPs walk out during his reply.
ECI announces Phase 3 (reported as 16 States and 3 UTs, about 36.73 crore electors). Per the announced schedule, house visits in Odisha, Mizoram, Sikkim and Manipur ran 30 May-28 June, draft roll 5 July, final roll 6 September.
Supreme Court (CJI Surya Kant, Justice Joymalya Bagchi) upholds the Bihar SIR as traceable to Article 324 and s.21(3) of the 1950 Act and proportionate, with directions on citizenship-related deletions (judgment opened).
ECI revises the Maharashtra schedule: draft roll 31 August, final roll 4 November instead of 7 October (a later PTI report of 26 September, seen in search results and not opened, says the final roll was moved again to 16 November).
Supreme Court (three judges) says it will hear on 16 October 2026 West Bengal voters' pleas for early disposal of SIR appeals, and for inclusion before November civic elections.
Findings, official statements, data and events are on record. An allegation is a claim that no finding has established; it is marked with a dashed border, a warning triangle and the words "Not established", and always shows its status and any response.
Claims in this dossierEach claim shows its type, who made it, its current status and any response. Type is shown in words and symbols, not colour.
Claim
Type
Made by
Status
Response
Source
The SIR is constitutionally and statutorily valid; the ECI may examine citizenship only to decide roll eligibility and must refer doubtful-citizenship cases to the competent authority under the Citizenship Act, 1955.
Finding
Supreme Court of India, judgment of 27 May 2026
Judgment of 27 May 2026 delivered and opened (2026 INSC 564; CJI Surya Kant and Justice Joymalya Bagchi). Para 186 holds the exercise traceable to s.21(3) read with Article 324 and proportionate, finds the document regime not arbitrary (with Aadhaar added by the order of 8 September 2025), and says the ECI's citizenship enquiry is limited to electoral eligibility. It directs the ECI to refer within four weeks to the competent authority under the Citizenship Act cases of names deleted from the 2003 roll as non-citizens, the authority to decide preferably before the next Parliamentary, Assembly or local-body election after notice and hearing, with inclusion if found a citizen; persons erroneously deleted as absent, dead, shifted or duplicate may seek judicial review. Secondary reports word some details differently.
The SIR is needed because of rapid migration, urbanisation, duplicate entries, deaths not recorded and possible inclusion of foreign nationals, and ensures that all eligible citizens are on the roll and no ineligible person is.
Official statement
Election Commission of India (order of 24 June 2025 as reported); ECI stated objective that 'the names of all eligible citizens are included'
Objective confirmed in ECI statement reported by ETV Bharat (opened again: it cites the order of 24 June but not its legal provisions). The specific reasons listed here (migration, urbanisation, duplicates, deaths, foreign nationals) were not confirmed from the order text; eci.gov.in returned an error when opened and the PIB release returned HTTP 403.
Not established by a findingThe SIR risks mass disenfranchisement of eligible voters, especially migrants, poor and minority voters, because it requires documents many lack and was held close to the Bihar election.
Allegation
Petitioners including ADR, PUCL, Yogendra Yadav and MPs Mahua Moitra (TMC), Manoj Jha (RJD), K.C. Venugopal (INC), Supriya Sule (NCP-SP)
Heard over 29 days; the Supreme Court upheld the SIR on 27 May 2026 while retaining safeguards (notice, hearing, appeal). The Court had earlier said it would intervene on mass deletions.
ECI told the Court the apprehensions were speculative and that draft-roll, claims and appeal stages protect eligible voters.
Not established by a findingThe ECI has no power to determine citizenship and the document requirements breach Article 326 (universal adult franchise).
Allegation
Petitioners (argued by counsel Kapil Sibal, Abhishek Manu Singhvi, Gopal Sankaranarayanan, Prashant Bhushan, Vrinda Grover)
Partly accepted: the Court held the ECI may examine citizenship only for roll eligibility, not as a final nationality finding. Argument on Article 326 not upheld.
ECI (counsel Rakesh Dwivedi, Maninder Singh) argued its power under Article 324 and s.21(3) covers the exercise.
Not established by a finding'Vote chori' (vote theft): the SIR and electoral-roll management help the ruling alliance; the CEC and Election Commissioners should be held to account.
Allegation
Rahul Gandhi, Leader of Opposition, Lok Sabha (Congress), August-September 2025; at Sasaram on 17 August 2025 he said the BJP is winning by stealing votes and the same is being done in Bihar through the SIR (search-result excerpt, not opened)
Not established by any finding located; no court has ruled on the claim as stated.
CEC Gyanesh Kumar asked Gandhi in August 2025 to submit a signed affidavit within seven days or apologise, and said the SIR aimed to remove shortcomings in the roll and that 'vote chori' language insulted the Constitution (as reported).
Not established by a findingElection Commissioners Sukhbir Singh Sandhu and Vivek Joshi raised objections to aspects of the SIR process at least 14 times.
Allegation
Reported by The Indian Express (September 2025), cited by Rahul Gandhi
Unverified: the underlying report was not opened; no ECI statement on it was located.
Not established by a findingThe SIR is necessary to remove infiltrators from the voters' list; the RJD and Congress oppose it because infiltrators are their vote bank, and infiltrators will be detected, deleted and deported.
Allegation
Amit Shah, Union Home Minister (BJP): Sitamarhi rally, 8 August 2025; Bhuj, 21 November 2025 (called the SIR a 'purification' of the list and the Bihar result a mandate against infiltrators)
Political statements; the Bihar draft deletions were categorised by the ECI as dead, shifted/absent and duplicate, and no ECI breakdown of deletions by citizenship was located. A search-result summary says Tejashwi Yadav cited an ECI affidavit saying no infiltrator had been identified in Bihar; that was not opened or verified.
Reported response from Tejashwi Yadav (RJD): asked Shah to say how many infiltrators were struck off in the Bihar SIR (from a search-result summary, not opened). Rahul Gandhi's and Lalu Prasad Yadav's replies to the specific remarks were not located. The ECI's stated objective is inclusion of all eligible citizens; no ECI response to Shah's remarks was located.
Not established by a findingThe SIR is meant to 'detect, delete and deport infiltrators'; detailed revisions were held many times between 1952 and 2004, mostly under Congress governments; opposition raises the voter list only when it loses elections.
Allegation
Amit Shah, Union Home Minister (BJP), Lok Sabha debate on electoral reforms, 10 December 2025
Not established by a finding. A statement in Parliament by a minister; the 'infiltrator' framing is not in the ECI's stated objective as reported. The Tribune report records that opposition MPs walked out during the reply.
Rahul Gandhi (INC, Leader of Opposition) said after the walkout that the Home Minister's response was defensive and did not answer the points raised; K. C. Venugopal (INC) objected to Shah's remark about Sonia Gandhi. No separate ECI response located.
The Special Intensive Revision of electoral rolls was carried out by following due process of law without prejudice to any group or community.
Official statement
Union Government, written reply in the Rajya Sabha on 30 July (the year is reported as 2026 by the secondary source; ministry not named there), responding to concerns raised by three UN Special Rapporteurs
As reported by Civilsdaily; the reply text was not opened. The report notes the reply did not give the scale of deletions. Earlier, in the 2025 monsoon session, the government was reported (search results, not opened) to hold that the process is the ECI's prerogative.
The UN Special Rapporteurs' letter alleged large-scale deletion of electors and discrimination (as reported); their reaction to the reply was not located.
The ECI should state that the SIR is not related to citizenship verification, presume voters on the last roll to be eligible, put the burden of proof on the registration officer, hold a CAG-led audit and allow more lead time (ideally not within six months of a major election).
Official statement
Telugu Desam Party (NDA constituent): letter to CEC Gyanesh Kumar signed by Lavu Sri Krishna Devarayalu and others, 15 July 2025
Submitted as suggestions after the ECI invited party views; no formal ECI reply reported. ECI sources were reported as saying each suggestion would be examined within the legal framework.
No BJP response reported in the source; a TDP spokesperson was reported (search result summary) as saying there was no link between the SIR and its suggestions.
Not established by a findingThe ECI 'doesn't know Bihar'; the SIR is a 'Tughlaqi farman' that could cause mass deletions and should have had at least six months.
Allegation
Giridhari Yadav, JD(U) MP (NDA constituent), to The Indian Express as quoted by National Herald, July 2025
Personal view; the MP said he was not stating the party line and no official JD(U) position was reported. Unnamed JD(U) leaders were reported as raising similar concerns.
Not established by a findingThe SIR is 'a conspiracy by ECI', rushed so close to the 2026 Assembly election; the ECI should hold it after the polls.
Allegation
M. K. Stalin, Tamil Nadu CM and DMK president, X post of 27 October 2025; all-party meeting he chaired on 2 November 2025 resolved to approach the Supreme Court
Court challenges followed; the Supreme Court upheld the SIR on 27 May 2026. No finding on the 'conspiracy' claim.
BJP's A. N. S. Prasad (Tamil Nadu spokesperson) said the DMK alliance's meeting appeared to shield bogus voters, and K. Annamalai (then Tamil Nadu BJP) pointed to 13 earlier SIR exercises (Organiser, 28 Oct 2025). Stalin's request to hold it after 2026 was reported as not accepted by the ECI.
Not established by a findingThe SIR is 'chaotic, coercive and dangerous', the ECI's West Bengal office has resorted to intimidation, and the exercise should be halted immediately.
Allegation
Mamata Banerjee, West Bengal CM (AITC), letter to the CEC, 20 November 2025
Not the subject of a finding; the Supreme Court later directed judicial officers to handle 'under adjudication' cases in West Bengal.
Union minister Sukanta Majumdar (BJP) said, 'No amount of threats, theatrics or falsehoods can stall the SIR', and that she should resign if she cannot accept the process. No ECI response had been reported at the time.
Not established by a findingBLOs died or suffered extreme stress from the SIR workload; 35-40 BLOs across India were said to have died.
Allegation
Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam (TVK) in a Supreme Court petition (counsel Gopal Sankaranarayanan); West Bengal CM Mamata Banerjee (AITC) condemned an 'unplanned, relentless workload' after BLO deaths in Bengal
Count not independently verified. The Court asked states to provide additional staff, allowed case-by-case exemptions, and disposed of the petition leaving ex-gratia compensation open.
ECI counsel Maninder Singh opposed the plea; no ECI statement on the cause of deaths was located.
Not established by a findingIn West Bengal, SIR deletions exceeded the BJP's winning margin in 31 constituencies (counting only 'under adjudication' deletions).
Allegation
All India Trinamool Congress (TMC), in Supreme Court proceedings (as reported)
Not tested by any court; no election petition outcome located.
ECI said the appropriate legal remedy is an election petition.
Not established by a findingGross SIR deletions exceeded the winning margin in 160 of 294 West Bengal seats; this is arithmetic and not a model of how deleted voters would have voted.
Allegation
Subhasish Dey, Associate Professor of Economics, University of Warwick (The India Forum, 12 June 2026)
Analyst's calculation; the author's own scenarios show different seat outcomes under different assumptions (BJP majority retained in one, TMC majority in another). Other analyses reach different conclusions and were not opened.
The ECI said detailed data is stored separately and may be released later; no ECI rebuttal of the analysis located.
In West Bengal, 93% of appeals decided by the SIR tribunals so far were allowed.
Data
Reported by Deccan Chronicle, 9 October 2026, from the Supreme Court hearing (the share of decided appeals only, not of all appeals)
Reported figure; the number of pending appeals is not given in this report (a lawyer cited 33.5 lakh pending in a July 2026 hearing, per another report seen in search results).
A court, regulator or statutory body's recorded finding or order. The order or judgment is cited.
Official statement
What a government, ministry, constitutional body or company officially said or filed.
Allegation
A claim by a party, petitioner, journalist, NGO or analyst that has not been established by a finding. Its current status and the named party’s response are always stated.
Data
A measured figure from an official or audited source, with its period and unit.
Event
A dated, uncontested occurrence, such as a notification issued, a bill passed or an arrest made.
Positions
Who says what, paraphrased with attribution. Every holder gets a card of the same size and the same fields.
Election Commission of India
Rolls had not had an intensive revision for years; the exercise is meant to include every eligible citizen and exclude ineligible entries; documents are asked only of those not traceable to the previous intensive roll; the list of 11 documents was illustrative; claims and appeals remain open after the draft.
Alleges 'vote chori' and demands the CEC's removal; participated with the RJD in a 9 July 2025 Bihar bandh against the SIR; Venugopal is a petitioner. Rahul Gandhi led the opposition in the 9-10 December 2025 Lok Sabha debate and co-led the Voter Adhikar Yatra with Tejashwi Yadav from 17 August 2025.
Challenged the SIR in the Supreme Court; party joined the Mahagathbandhan bandh of 9 July 2025. Tejashwi Yadav co-led the Voter Adhikar Yatra (from 17 Aug 2025) and is reported to have asked Amit Shah how many infiltrators the Bihar SIR removed (search-result summary, not opened); his own quoted words were not verified here.
All India Trinamool Congress (Mamata Banerjee, Mahua Moitra)
Challenged SIR in Court (Moitra; Banerjee's separate petition, notice issued 4 February 2026); criticised BLO workload; wrote to the CEC on 20 November 2025 calling the SIR 'chaotic, coercive and dangerous'; says deletions exceeded BJP margins in 31 seats.
Called the SIR 'a conspiracy by ECI' (27 Oct 2025), asked that it be held after the 2026 Assembly election, and chaired a 2 Nov 2025 all-party meeting that resolved to go to the Supreme Court; allies including Congress, VCK and CPI(M) reported as backing the resolution (search results, not opened).
CPI(ML) Liberation (Dipankar Bhattacharya) and CPI(M)
Bhattacharya joined the Voter Adhikar Yatra launch and its final Patna march (search results, not opened); CPI(M) is reported as backing the DMK-led Tamil Nadu resolution. Direct quotations from either party were not located, so no wording is attributed.
Bharatiya Janata Party (Amit Shah, Union Home Minister)
Says the SIR is necessary to remove infiltrators from the rolls, that the opposition opposes it to protect infiltrator vote banks, and that infiltrators will be detected, deleted and deported (Sitamarhi 8 Aug 2025; Bhuj 21 Nov 2025; Lok Sabha 10 Dec 2025). Says detailed revisions occurred repeatedly between 1952 and 2004.
Bharatiya Janata Party (state leaders: Sukanta Majumdar, A. N. S. Prasad, K. Annamalai)
Majumdar (20 Nov 2025) said no threats or falsehoods can stall the SIR in West Bengal; Prasad and Annamalai (28 Oct 2025) rejected Stalin's objections as shielding bogus voters and noted earlier SIR exercises.
In a Rajya Sabha reply of 30 July (year as reported: 2026) said the SIR followed due process of law without prejudice to any group or community; earlier reported to say the process is the ECI's prerogative and to decline discussion in the 2025 monsoon session, then agreed to a Lok Sabha debate in December 2025 (the Law Minister, Arjun Ram Meghwal, was previewed as replying; reports of the day describe Shah replying).
Wrote to the CEC on 15 July 2025 asking that the SIR's scope be defined, that it be stated to be unrelated to citizenship verification, and for audit, lead time and migrant provisions; did not oppose the exercise as such in the letter as reported.
No official party position located; MP Giridhari Yadav criticised the timing and process in July 2025 as his personal view. A PTI report dated September 2026 (seen in search results, not opened; page returned HTTP 403) says three NDA allies sought ECI clarification over objections by two poll commissioners; allies not verified here.
Association for Democratic Reforms and PUCL (civil-society petitioners)
Argued the SIR lacks adequate statutory basis, that the documents list breaches universal adult franchise (Article 326) and that mass exclusion is a risk.
Upheld the SIR (27 May 2026) and cautioned that citizenship examination by the ECI is limited to roll eligibility and subject to the Citizenship Act authority; noted a 'trust deficit' in West Bengal and put remaining cases before judicial officers and appellate tribunals.
Bihar SIR by stageElectors in crore (or lakh as stated), 2025. Draft deletions reported by Wikipedia from ECI: about 22 lakh dead, 36 lakh permanently shifted or absent, 7 lakh duplicates.
Stage
Date
Figure
Roll before SIR
24 Jun 2025
7.89 crore
Draft roll
1 Aug 2025
about 7.24 crore (about 65 lakh omitted)
Documents received
by late Jul 2025
98.2% of electors (ECI, per press release headline)
Claims/objections stage
to 25 Sep 2025
3.66 lakh removed; 21.53 lakh added via Form 6
Final roll
30 Sep 2025
about 7.42 crore (net about 47 lakh below the 24 June roll)
Phase 2: roll before and after SIR (secondary compilation)Electors, before SIR and in final roll as of April 2026, from a Wikipedia compilation of ECI figures. Not reconciled with ECI releases; West Bengal figures differ by source (83.86 lakh net, about 90.8 lakh gross).
Phase 3: names excluded from draft rolls (partial, secondary)Reported draft-stage exclusions in some States/UTs, per a Wikipedia compilation (citing The Wire); share of electorate in per cent. Not reconciled with ECI releases. Finals for most States are not yet published as of 12 Oct 2026; see schedule table.
Phase 3: announced and revised final-roll datesFinal roll dates, 2026. 'Announced' is from a report of the 14 May schedule; 'Revised' is from PTI reports (2 September and 19 August 2026) and is not checked against the ECI orders. Some States are not covered by the revision report.
State/UT
Announced
Revised
Odisha
6 Sep
21 Sep
Manipur, Sikkim, Mizoram
6 Sep
Manipur and Sikkim reported published 6 Sep (secondary)
Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab
22 Sep (AP, Haryana); 1 Oct (Punjab)
11-day extensions, dates not stated
Telangana
1 Oct
19 Oct
Karnataka, Delhi
7 Oct
27 Oct
Maharashtra
7 Oct
4 Nov (19 Aug); 16 Nov in a later PTI report not opened
Whether any individual deleted or added name belongs to a citizen, a non-citizen, a dead or migrated person; the published categories (dead, shifted, duplicate) are administrative classifications by officials, and the roll data do not show the citizenship status of anyone.
The religion, caste or community of deleted voters is not published by the ECI; analyses of community composition (for example in specific Bengal constituencies) are third-party estimates, not official data.
Intent: nothing here establishes why the ECI chose the timing, scope or documents, or that any party or official intended any outcome; the stated reasons and the allegations are both reported as claims.
Effect on any election: seat-margin comparisons are arithmetic; they do not show how deleted or added voters would have voted or whether they would have voted, and no court has found that results were affected.
How many deleted voters were later restored in each state: appeals, tribunals and supplementary lists continue, and figures from different sources are not reconciled.
The cause of any individual BLO death; the national count of 35-40 is a petitioner's figure.
The text of the ECI orders (eci.gov.in returned an error; the PIB release returned HTTP 403) was not opened; the 27 May 2026 judgment and the 8 September 2025 order of the Supreme Court were opened. Phase 2 and Phase 3 state-level numbers come from secondary compilations and are not reconciled with ECI releases; Phase 3 revised dates come from PTI reports, with Maharashtra's 16 November date and the third-ally NDA report unopened.
Whether Union ministers other than Amit Shah, or other BJP leaders, made statements on the SIR in Parliament or elsewhere; only those found in the sources cited are listed. Direct quotations from Tejashwi Yadav, CPI(M) and CPI(ML) were not located, so their positions are described only as far as the cited reports allow.
Sources
Numbers in square brackets refer to this list. Types: primary, official data and court sources are weighed above media and academic ones.
Printed from https://indiareview.pages.dev/dossiers/special-intensive-revision-electoral-rolls/. Facts as of 12 Oct 2026; check the sources for later developments.
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