Reservations

Coverage balance

How many entries exist for each party's governments and each decade. This shows where the record is thin, so a quiet period reads as a gap in coverage, not as inactivity.

Dossiers

Actions in time order, by government

1. V. P. Singh, 2 Dec 1989 to 10 Nov 1990

   JD National Front government

   • ImplementedJD13 Aug 1990

     27% OBC reservation in central government jobs (Mandal Commission, 1990)

     A 13 August 1990 office memorandum reserved 27% of central civil vacancies for Other Backward Classes. The Supreme Court upheld it in 1992 with a creamy-layer exclusion and a 50% overall limit.

     Evidence points +14.0 (range +12.0 to +16.0)

2. Narendra Modi, 26 May 2014 to 30 May 2019

   BJP NDA government

   • ImplementedBJP14 Jan 2019

     10% reservation for economically weaker sections (103rd Constitution Amendment, 2019)

     A 2019 constitutional amendment allows up to 10% reservation in education and public jobs for economically weaker sections outside SC, ST and OBC categories. The Supreme Court upheld it 3-2 in November 2022.

     Evidence points +6.0 (range +5.0 to +7.0)